Evaluation of the catalytic reduction of nitrate for the determination of dissolved organic nitrogen in natural waters
Identifieur interne : 008C56 ( Main/Repository ); précédent : 008C55; suivant : 008C57Evaluation of the catalytic reduction of nitrate for the determination of dissolved organic nitrogen in natural waters
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Abstract
The catalytic reduction of nitrate ions into nitrogen gas was tested to partly remove dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) before the determination of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). Experiments were conducted on nitrate solutions enriched with natural organic matter (NOM) isolates previously extracted from surface waters. Three catalysts Pd-In/ Al2O3, Pd-Sn/Al2O3 and Pd/SnO2 were tested. Their noble metal (palladium) and promoter metal (indium or tin) contents are 5 and 1.75wt%, respectively. Preliminary experiments performed on a solution containing 17 amino acids showed that most compounds were removed by less than 15%, probably due to sorption onto the catalysts. Reduction of nitrate in absence of NOM was complete after 20 min of reaction time and the removal of DIN was about 80% (about 19% formation of ammonium). In the presence of NOM (DOC 20mgC/L, DON 0.67 mg N/L), the kinetic of nitrate reduction was slower and the reduction in DIN content was limited to 15% i.e. selectivity toward ammonium reached 85%. Adsorption tests showed a similar removal of both DOC and DON of about 70% and 30% onto Pd-Sn/ Al2O3 and Pd/SnO2 catalysts, respectively, which confirmed that NOM probably compete with nitrate for active catalytic sites. In conclusion, catalytic reduction of nitrate before DON determination cannot be used because of DON sorption and low DIN removal.
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Evaluation of the catalytic reduction of nitrate for the determination of dissolved organic nitrogen in natural waters</title><author><name sortKey="Ambonguilat, Sonia" uniqKey="Ambonguilat S">Sonia Ambonguilat</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement UMR CNRS 6008, Ecole Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Poitiers. 40, avenue du recteur Pineau</s1><s2>86022 Poitiers</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Poitou-Charentes</region><settlement type="city">Poitiers</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gallard, Herve" uniqKey="Gallard H">Hervé Gallard</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement UMR CNRS 6008, Ecole Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Poitiers. 40, avenue du recteur Pineau</s1><s2>86022 Poitiers</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Poitou-Charentes</region><settlement type="city">Poitiers</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garron, Anthony" uniqKey="Garron A">Anthony Garron</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Laboratoire de Catalyse en Chimie Organique UMR CNRS 6503, UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées - Université de Poitiers. 40, avenue du Recteur Pineau</s1><s2>86022 Poitiers</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Poitou-Charentes</region><settlement type="city">Poitiers</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Epron, Florence" uniqKey="Epron F">Florence Epron</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Laboratoire de Catalyse en Chimie Organique UMR CNRS 6503, UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées - Université de Poitiers. 40, avenue du Recteur Pineau</s1><s2>86022 Poitiers</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Poitou-Charentes</region><settlement type="city">Poitiers</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crone, Jean Philippe" uniqKey="Crone J">Jean Philippe Crone</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement UMR CNRS 6008, Ecole Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Poitiers. 40, avenue du recteur Pineau</s1><s2>86022 Poitiers</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Poitou-Charentes</region><settlement type="city">Poitiers</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="inist">06-0213813</idno><date when="2006">2006</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 06-0213813 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:06-0213813</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">009123</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Repository">008C56</idno></publicationStmt><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0043-1354</idno><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Water res. : (Oxf.)</title><title level="j" type="main">Water research : (Oxford)</title></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aluminium oxide</term><term>Catalytic reaction</term><term>Chemical analysis</term><term>Chemical reduction</term><term>Dissolved matter</term><term>Hydrochemistry</term><term>Indium</term><term>Inorganic nitrogen</term><term>Nitrates</term><term>Organic matter</term><term>Organic nitrogen</term><term>Palladium</term><term>Performance</term><term>Supported catalyst</term><term>Tin</term><term>Tin oxide</term><term>Water quality</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Qualité eau</term><term>Hydrochimie</term><term>Matière organique</term><term>Azote organique</term><term>Matière dissoute</term><term>Analyse chimique</term><term>Réduction chimique</term><term>Azote minéral</term><term>Réaction catalytique</term><term>Catalyseur sur support</term><term>Palladium</term><term>Indium</term><term>Etain</term><term>Aluminium oxyde</term><term>Etain oxyde</term><term>Performance</term><term>Nitrate</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The catalytic reduction of nitrate ions into nitrogen gas was tested to partly remove dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) before the determination of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). Experiments were conducted on nitrate solutions enriched with natural organic matter (NOM) isolates previously extracted from surface waters. Three catalysts Pd-In/ Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3,</sub> Pd-Sn/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Pd/SnO<sub>2</sub> were tested. Their noble metal (palladium) and promoter metal (indium or tin) contents are 5 and 1.75wt%, respectively. Preliminary experiments performed on a solution containing 17 amino acids showed that most compounds were removed by less than 15%, probably due to sorption onto the catalysts. Reduction of nitrate in absence of NOM was complete after 20 min of reaction time and the removal of DIN was about 80% (about 19% formation of ammonium). In the presence of NOM (DOC 20mgC/L, DON 0.67 mg N/L), the kinetic of nitrate reduction was slower and the reduction in DIN content was limited to 15% i.e. selectivity toward ammonium reached 85%. Adsorption tests showed a similar removal of both DOC and DON of about 70% and 30% onto Pd-Sn/ Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Pd/SnO<sub>2</sub> catalysts, respectively, which confirmed that NOM probably compete with nitrate for active catalytic sites. In conclusion, catalytic reduction of nitrate before DON determination cannot be used because of DON sorption and low DIN removal.</div></front></TEI><inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>0043-1354</s0></fA01><fA02 i1="01"><s0>WATRAG</s0></fA02><fA03 i2="1"><s0>Water res. : (Oxf.)</s0></fA03><fA05><s2>40</s2></fA05><fA06><s2>4</s2></fA06><fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Evaluation of the catalytic reduction of nitrate for the determination of dissolved organic nitrogen in natural waters</s1></fA08><fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>AMBONGUILAT (Sonia)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>GALLARD (Hervé)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>GARRON (Anthony)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>EPRON (Florence)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>CRONE (Jean Philippe)</s1></fA11><fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement UMR CNRS 6008, Ecole Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Poitiers. 40, avenue du recteur Pineau</s1><s2>86022 Poitiers</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="02"><s1>Laboratoire de Catalyse en Chimie Organique UMR CNRS 6503, UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées - Université de Poitiers. 40, avenue du Recteur Pineau</s1><s2>86022 Poitiers</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA20><s1>675-682</s1></fA20><fA21><s1>2006</s1></fA21><fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0></fA23><fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1><s2>8940A</s2><s5>354000133065100050</s5></fA43><fA44><s0>0000</s0><s1>© 2006 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1></fA44><fA45><s0>21 ref.</s0></fA45><fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>06-0213813</s0></fA47><fA60><s1>P</s1></fA60><fA61><s0>A</s0></fA61><fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Water research : (Oxford)</s0></fA64><fA66 i1="01"><s0>GBR</s0></fA66><fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>The catalytic reduction of nitrate ions into nitrogen gas was tested to partly remove dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) before the determination of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). Experiments were conducted on nitrate solutions enriched with natural organic matter (NOM) isolates previously extracted from surface waters. Three catalysts Pd-In/ Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3,</sub> Pd-Sn/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Pd/SnO<sub>2</sub> were tested. Their noble metal (palladium) and promoter metal (indium or tin) contents are 5 and 1.75wt%, respectively. Preliminary experiments performed on a solution containing 17 amino acids showed that most compounds were removed by less than 15%, probably due to sorption onto the catalysts. Reduction of nitrate in absence of NOM was complete after 20 min of reaction time and the removal of DIN was about 80% (about 19% formation of ammonium). In the presence of NOM (DOC 20mgC/L, DON 0.67 mg N/L), the kinetic of nitrate reduction was slower and the reduction in DIN content was limited to 15% i.e. selectivity toward ammonium reached 85%. Adsorption tests showed a similar removal of both DOC and DON of about 70% and 30% onto Pd-Sn/ Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Pd/SnO<sub>2</sub> catalysts, respectively, which confirmed that NOM probably compete with nitrate for active catalytic sites. In conclusion, catalytic reduction of nitrate before DON determination cannot be used because of DON sorption and low DIN removal.</s0></fC01><fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>001D16A04A</s0></fC02><fC02 i1="02" i2="2"><s0>001E01O04</s0></fC02><fC02 i1="03" i2="2"><s0>226B04</s0></fC02><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Qualité eau</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Water quality</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Calidad agua</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Hydrochimie</s0><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Hydrochemistry</s0><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Hidroquímica</s0><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Matière organique</s0><s5>03</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Organic matter</s0><s5>03</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Materia orgánica</s0><s5>03</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Azote organique</s0><s2>NK</s2><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Organic nitrogen</s0><s2>NK</s2><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Nitrógeno orgánico</s0><s2>NK</s2><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Matière dissoute</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Dissolved matter</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Materia disuelta</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Analyse chimique</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Chemical analysis</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Análisis químico</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Réduction chimique</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Chemical reduction</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Reducción química</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Azote minéral</s0><s2>NK</s2><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Inorganic nitrogen</s0><s2>NK</s2><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Nitrógeno inorgánico</s0><s2>NK</s2><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Réaction catalytique</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Catalytic reaction</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Reacción catalítica</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Catalyseur sur support</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Supported catalyst</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Catalizador sobre soporte</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Palladium</s0><s1>ACT</s1><s2>NC</s2><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Palladium</s0><s1>ACT</s1><s2>NC</s2><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Paladio</s0><s1>ACT</s1><s2>NC</s2><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Indium</s0><s1>ACT</s1><s2>NC</s2><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Indium</s0><s1>ACT</s1><s2>NC</s2><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Indio</s0><s1>ACT</s1><s2>NC</s2><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Etain</s0><s1>ACT</s1><s2>NC</s2><s2>FX</s2><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Tin</s0><s1>ACT</s1><s2>NC</s2><s2>FX</s2><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Estaño</s0><s1>ACT</s1><s2>NC</s2><s2>FX</s2><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Aluminium oxyde</s0><s1>SUB</s1><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Aluminium oxide</s0><s1>SUB</s1><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Aluminio óxido</s0><s1>SUB</s1><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Etain oxyde</s0><s1>SUB</s1><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Tin oxide</s0><s1>SUB</s1><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Estaño óxido</s0><s1>SUB</s1><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Performance</s0><s5>16</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Performance</s0><s5>16</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="16" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Rendimiento</s0><s5>16</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Nitrate</s0><s2>NA</s2><s2>FX</s2><s5>17</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nitrates</s0><s2>NA</s2><s2>FX</s2><s5>17</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="17" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Nitrato</s0><s2>NA</s2><s2>FX</s2><s5>17</s5></fC03><fN21><s1>135</s1></fN21></pA></standard></inist></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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